Psoriasis
Psoriasis is a common chronic (recurring) inflammatory skin disorder which affects up to 2.5% of the population. The condition can be found in all age groups and is about equally present in both men and women. Individuals with psoriasis tend to suffer discomfort, restricted joint motion, and emotional distress. Psoriasis is not contagious in any way, and it is not possible to contract psoriasis from touching a person with the condition.
The most common type of psoriasis is known as plaque psoriasis and is characterized by skin which has become thick, reddened, and may be covered with silvery scales. The affected skin may itch and burn and skin around the joints may crack and bleed. Patches can range from a few minor spots of scaling to major eruptions covering large areas of the body.
The causes of psoriasis are not fully understood, however it is believed to be a problem related to the immune system. The patient with psoriasis experiences an increased production of new skin cells which move to the outer layer of skin much quicker than normal. The outer dead skin cells and blood cells are unable to slough off quickly enough and tend to build up in thick, scaly patches on the skin's surface. Researchers tend to point to both genetic and environmental factors as possible causes for this condition.
There are several environmental factors which are believed to trigger psoriasis. Among them are:
- infections (such as strep)
- stress
- skin injuries or severe sunburn
- smoking
- cold weather
- heavy alcohol consumption
- obesity
- certain medications
Diagnosis is generally made through visual appearance of the skin, In certain cases a physician may take a skin sample (biopsy) for further evaluation. The treatment of psoriasis is dependent on the area and severity of the condition, however may include topical treatments, phototherapy, or oral medications.
By way of self care, which may help to minimize outbreaks, the patient is encouraged to:
- take daily baths with bath oil or Epsom salts
- use moisturizer
- cover affected areas overnight
- expose the skin to small amounts of sunlight
- apply cortisone
- avoid psoriasis triggers
Patients should follow their doctors recommendations, learn the psoriasis triggers and how to avoid them, and consider joining a support group of other psoriasis sufferers.
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